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the beautiful wooded Yu'an Mountain, only twelve kilometers (seven miles)
northwest of Kunming, is the famous Buddhist Qiongzhu Temple. The temple
and the bamboo forest that surround it have a wonderful and mysterious
legend about their origins.
During the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE), Yunnan was a separate country called
Dali. One day, while two brothers of royal lineage were hunting in the
hills outside Kunming, they spotted a bizarre rhinoceros. With hopes of
capturing it, they followed the rhinoceros deep into the woods of Yu'an
Mountain where the magical animal suddenly disappeared. Just as they lost
sight of the rhinoceros, the brothers saw a group of monks who were unlike
any monks they had seen before. When the monks saw the brothers, they
vanished in clouds leaving only their walking sticks planted in the ground.
By the following day, these walking sticks had become an entire bamboo
forest. The amazed brothers knew that they had met enlightened, supernatural
beings and, in order to honor them, they built Qiongzhu Temple in the
forest of bamboo.
Even though this is a marvelous story, it does not follow the historic
record. Account of the Qiongzhu Temple dates back to the Song Dynasty,
but it was during the Yuan Dynasty (around 1280 CE) that a highly renowned
monk, who was reputed to have learned Buddhism from central China, gave
his teachings that brought great fame to the temple as a spiritual center.
After a devastating fire, the Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty rebuilt
the temple by adding five pavilions during the late 1880's. The temple's
most outstanding artistic (and perhaps spiritual) feature is the distinguished,
finely crafted statues of the 500 Luohans (Buddhist Arhats, or "enlightened
ones") sculpted by the brilliant artist, Li Guangxiu.
Regarded as "a pearl in the treasure house of oriental sculpture,"
these life-size clay figures came from Li Guangxiu's and his apprentices'
deep study of people and their inner personalities. After seven years
of study and work, this immense undertaking was completed. Each of these
statues represents another aspect of human life with such accuracy and
skill, and look like real people who are just frozen in a moment in time.
These Luohans, which are not ornately decorated, depict seemingly common
people in the midst of ordinary lives and feelings. The appearances of
the old and the young, the sick and the healthy, the skilled and the unskilled,
the strong and the emaciated, the beautiful and the ugly, the wealthy
and the poor, with expressions of joy, anger, laughter, grief, amusement,
satisfaction, hunger, delight, sadness, compassion, serenity, curiosity,
surprise, boredom, and contemplation are extremely vivid. Each Luohan
is unique and expresses its own singular inner character. It is said that
if you pick a Louhan and count them to the right when you reach your age,
you will find the Louhan that depicts your inner character. Each of the
500 Louhans is a beautiful work of art and collectively they are awe-inspiring.
Throughout the temple are numerous inscriptions and couplets on columns
and tablets. These inscriptions date back to the 1200's and give us glimpses
into the life and culture of those times. Other notable features of the
Qiongzhu Temple include: the statues of Four Guardian Kings in the entrance
hall; the three large statues of Buddha in the main temple building and
two majestic 450-year-old cypress trees that stand in the forecourt. Walking
around the grounds and through the bamboo forest, the world and its problems
fade away and the gentle beauty of life re-emerges.
Qiongzhu Temple is a restorative, peaceful and beautiful attraction offering
natural, artistic and cultural insight. What a wonderful way to spend
a few hours!
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