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Beijing  |
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What to see The magnificent Forbidden City is the world's largest and best-preserved imperial palace complex. Surrounded by a moat that is six meters deep and a ten-meter high wall are 9,999 rooms - just one room short of the number that ancient Chinese believed represented divine perfection. Once having entered the Forbidden City, visitors are transported to a spacious world of great luxury that had a culture of its own. For five centuries, this palace functioned as the administrative center of the country as well as being the pleasure home of the emperors and empresses who were served by thousands of people. Walking along the corridors and through various rooms it becomes easy to understand the impact of the rulers who lived here and their isolation from the rest of Chinese life. Regardless of how much history you have read, or movies featuring the Forbidden City you have seen, the place itself is not to be missed by any Beijing visitor. (Self-guided audio tour tapes are available in several languages at the entrance.)
Beijing has many beautiful temples that at one time served as the focus for religious life. Temple of Heaven is the largest group of structures in the country dedicated to rituals that pay homage to heaven. This temple was built specifically for the worship of heaven and prayers for good harvests during the time of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are two amazing acoustical spots here. On the top of the tri-leveled round altar (originally built in the 1500's) there is a spot where your words reverberate around you. You can easily imagine the power that temporal rulers felt as their prayers for abundance echoed as if they issued down from the heavens. The other is at the Echo Wall that partially encloses a circular courtyard that is 65 meters (213 feet) in diameter. Words whispered at one end travel along the wall and can be heard clearly by someone listening at the other end. The entire temple complex is a treasure of ancient Chinese architectural design and art. Symbolic shape combinations (the temples are round on square bases signifying heaven and earth) and various mystical numbers are the basis for much of the design work. The temple structures themselves are stunning works of art. All of this and more is set in the midst of a beautiful park.
The largest city central square in the world, the solemn and respectful Tiananmen Square is not only the symbol of Beijing but also the symbol of China. This immense courtyard is the site of many historic events. The square is surrounded by a variety of significant edifices: Chinese Revolution History Museum, Mao Mausoleum, Great Hall of the People, the elegant and beautiful Tiananmen (Heavenly Peace Gate), and Qianmen (Front Gate). The daily flag ceremony at the square, performed at sunrise and sunset each day, is most exceptional and well-worth making time to view. The Great Wall is one of the eight wonders of the world and is the only man-made structure that is visible from the moon. This immense wall was built to keep out invaders as well as to retain the inhabitants. It spans five provinces (6,700 kilometers, or 2,587 miles) from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayuguan Pass in the west. Like a gigantic dragon, it winds up and down across deserts, grasslands and mountains. Just outside Beijing, it is possible to climb a section of the Great Wall and enjoy a splendid panoramic view that you will remember for the rest of your life.
History How can one city boast so many phenomenal places? Beijing's long and illustrious history starts approximately 500,000 years ago. It is here that the ancestors of modern Homo sapiens, Peking men, lived in caves. Records show that Beijing has been an inhabited city for more than three thousand years and has lived through invasions, devastating fires, dynasties, warlords, Anglo-French troops and has emerged each time as a strong and vibrant city. For more than 800 years, Beijing was a capital city - from the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties. Thirty-four emperors have lived and ruled in Beijing and it has been an important trading city from earliest days. Although now Beijing is modern, fashionable and full of 21st Century vitality, you can experience authentic Beijing life and become acquainted with "old Beijing" by exploring many tea houses, temple fares, Beijing's Hutong and Courtyard and enjoy the Peking Opera. Adding these to your Beijing tour, you will leave feeling in your heart a special appreciation for this ancient city that has truly seen it all and tells its story with matchless grace and beauty. When to go Beijing is close to Tianjin Municipality and is partially surrounded by Hebei Province. Beijing covers a total area of more than 16,800 square kilometers (6,487 square miles) and has a population of 13.82 million people. Beijing's climate is a semi-humid, continental climate with an average temperature of 12C. It's rainy season, which brings most of its nearly 600 millimeters of rain, starts in July and ends in August. Beijing summers are very hot and rainy while winters in Beijing are dry, cold, and snowy. The short spring season is temperate and autumn is clear and clean. Beijing is at its best in late spring and autumn, particularly during the months of May, September, and October when people can enjoy bright sunlight and blue skies.
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China Travel China Tour Provider website by Chinatown. All rights reserved |
For
a peaceful and interesting stroll, visit one of Beijing's many beautiful
parks, such as Beihai Park, which was probably built by the Great Khan
centuries earlier than the Forbidden City. This park was enjoyed by the
various rulers of China for hundreds of years and features pavilions,
architecturally interesting walkways, the 27-meter-long (about 88 feet)
Nine Dragon Screen (built to scare off evil spirits), a jar that is the
last remnant of the Khan's court that had been there, the Five Dragon
Pavilion dating from the mid 1600's, and a large lake with an island in
the middle. Another park that is a definite "must see" is the
Summer Palace, a famous classic imperial garden with breathtaking beauty.
Bold and generously designed, the northern gardens skillfully blend into
the exquisite delicacy of the southern gardens. The Summer Palace holds
a special place in the history of Chinese gardens. These are only two
of the many majestic gardens in Beijing. Sometimes, you can find exceptional
gardens within or surrounding Beijing's many ancient temples.
There
are many other fascinating temples in Beijing, among which are: the Yunju
Temple, which houses the most stone inscriptions of Buddhist scriptures
in the world, the White Cloud Taoist Temple, which is one of the oldest
and still the most active of Taoist temples in Beijing, and the Temple
of Confucius. Visiting these temples can help elucidate three primary
philosophies that formed the basis for early Chinese life and culture.
For example, much of traditional Chinese medicine's principles and theories
were derived from the work of Taoist doctors and masters.
Other
famous Beijing attractions include the Ming Tombs, the burial site of
13 ancient emperors; the Drum Tower built in the 1400's; Tiantan Park
with its excellent Ming architectures; Fragrant Hills Park; the Ancient
Observatory that dates back to the days of Kublai Khan; The Silk Market;
Botanical Gardens; the Indian-designed Temple of Azure Clouds and many,
many more wondrous places. Any reader of the classic The Dream of Red
Mansions will want to visit Prince Gong's Mansion of the 18th Century,
which is purported to be the model for mansion in the novel.